Sphalerite is also known as blende. It is an important ore of zinc. The gemstone is usually very brown to black in color. However, transparent yellowish brown or green stones have been found that can be faceted. Since sphalerite is soft and has perfect cleavage, it is not suitable for jewelry. Hence, it is faceted for museums and collectors only.
Occurrence
Sphalerite crystals are usually pseudo-octahedral in shape. They are formed in hydrothermal veins with other minerals. These include galena, quartz, pyrite, and calcite. Transparent and cuttable gemstones are found in Santander (Spain) and Mexico.
Sphalerite Properties
- Specific Gravity: 4.09
- Refractive Index: 2.36-2.37
- Birefringence (DR): None
- Luster: Metallic to vitreous
- Crystal Structure: Cubic
- Composition: Zinc sulfide
- Hardness: 3½
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