Serpentine

Serpentine is a group of predominantly green minerals that occur in masses of tiny inter-grown crystals. They may be carved, engraved, or polished. Various marbles also contain serpentine veins. Some stones are partly iridescent. It is common to find characteristic green patches due to the presence of inclusions in the carved stones.

There are two main types used in jewelry. Bowenite is the translucent green or blue-green type. On the other hand, williamsite is the second variety of serpentine.

Occurrence

Serpentine occurs in China, England, Italy, the USA, Afghanistan, South Africa, and New Zealand.

Serpentine Properties

• Specific Gravity: 2.60
• Refractive Index: 1.55-1.56
• Birefringence (DR): 0.001
• Luster: Vitreous to greasy
• Crystal Structure: Monoclinic
• Composition: Magnesium hydroxy silicate
• Hardness: 5

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